The types dimension splits into two mutually exclusive procurement channels. Services—comprising synchronous video consults, asynchronous image reads, and AI triage—capture 68 % of market value; they scale with physician labour supply and carry recurring billing codes, yielding predictable ARR. Devices—hand-held fundus cameras, smartphone adapters, and home perimeters—represent 32 %; their economics hinge on capital budgets, replacement cycles averaging 4.2 years, and accessory upsell. Within services, asynchronous reads grew 19 % CAGR 2020-23, overtaking live consults as radiology-style workflows lower marginal cost per study. Device subtypes diverge: integrated camera-DVR combos average ASP USD 9,800, while clip-on smartphone units sell for USD 1,200, expanding penetration in price-sensitive primary-care offices and emerging markets.