The PEM Electrolysis ecosystem spans upstream raw‑material supply, midstream stack and system integration, and downstream deployment in hydrogen‑using facilities. Upstream participants provide specialty membranes, catalysts, and high‑purity gases that enable cell performance. Midstream actors, including stack manufacturers, system integrators, and technology developers, convert these inputs into turnkey electrolyzer solutions, adding balance‑of‑plant components, control software, and engineering services. Downstream, distributors, financiers, and end‑users acquire and operate the systems, creating value through hydrogen production for power, industry, and mobility. Value capture occurs at each stage through component margins, engineering contracts, service agreements, and hydrogen sales, while the overall chain is coordinated by project‑level procurement and regulatory compliance.