Segmentation by type of ion exchange membrane further refines the market taxonomy. Cation Exchange Membranes (CEM), characterized by sulfonated polymer matrices, capture the largest share (≈60 %) because they align with the high proton conductivity demands of VRFB and zinc‑based systems. Anion Exchange Membranes (AEM), featuring quaternary ammonium groups, hold about 20 % of the market, primarily serving emerging organic and iron flow batteries where hydroxide transport is advantageous. Bipolar Membranes, which combine CEM and AEM layers, account for roughly 10 % and are employed in hybrid configurations that require simultaneous acid‑base management. The residual 10 % consists of composite and reinforced membranes, engineered for enhanced mechanical strength and chemical durability, supporting niche applications with aggressive operating conditions. The distribution of membrane types directly impacts total market volume, as each class dictates distinct manufacturing processes, cost structures, and supply‑chain dynamics.