The decentralized/poc coagulation testing ecosystem comprises interconnected upstream, midstream, and downstream activities that collectively enable point‑of‑care assessment of coagulation status outside traditional laboratory settings. Upstream, raw material and component suppliers provide reagents, microfluidic cartridges, and sensor substrates. Midstream actors—including device manufacturers, system integrators, and software developers—assemble and validate functional testing platforms. Downstream, distributors, service networks, and health‑care providers deliver the solutions to clinics, ambulances, and home‑care users, converting technical capability into clinical value and revenue.