Within the animal model services ecosystem, value creation follows a defined upstream‑midstream‑downstream flow. Upstream, genetic strain banks, breeding facilities, and specialized reagent suppliers provide the biological inputs and consumables required for model generation. Midstream actors—technology providers, contract research organizations (CROs), and data‑analytics platforms—integrate these inputs, design study protocols, and execute in‑vivo experiments. Downstream, pharmaceutical companies, biotech firms, and academic institutions consume the generated data to advance drug discovery and safety assessment. The ecosystem captures value through service fees, licensing of proprietary models, and data monetization, while intellectual property and regulatory compliance shape revenue capture.